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The ideal locations for pottery production in ancient times were regions rich in the primary material for pottery: secondary clay. This clay, used both then and now, is known as secondary clay.
Primary clay results from igneous rocks being weathered and broken down by natural forces like wind and water. This type of clay is usually white in color, mainly because it contains little to no iron. Secondary clay, on the other hand, forms when primary clay accumulates in layers after being transported by water and other means. With the addition of iron, it turns red. Excluding deserts and coral reef islands, it can be found on nearly every part of the Earth's surface.
Regions particularly rich in secondary clay, which is easy to source, mold, and fires well, would naturally be prime pottery production sites. However, not all such areas were necessarily suited for pottery making.
To establish a pottery production site, one crucial requirement was fuel for firing the pottery. This fuel, of course, was wood. The amount of firewood required to fire one ton of clay pottery is at least ten times the weight of the clay itself. Therefore, it was challenging to establish a pottery production site unless there was a nearby forest or easy access to a region abundant in timber.
